Development and Characterization of a Potent Free Fatty Acid Receptor 1 (FFA1) Fluorescent Tracer

J Med Chem. 2016 May 26;59(10):4849-58. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00202. Epub 2016 May 10.

Abstract

The free fatty acid receptor 1 (FFA1/GPR40) is a potential target for treatment of type 2 diabetes. Although several potent agonists have been described, there remains a strong need for suitable tracers to interrogate ligand binding to this receptor. We address this by exploring fluorophore-tethering to known potent FFA1 agonists. This led to the development of 4, a high affinity FFA1 tracer with favorable and polarity-dependent fluorescent properties. A close to ideal overlap between the emission spectrum of the NanoLuciferase receptor tag and the excitation spectrum of 4 enabled the establishment of a homogeneous BRET-based binding assay suitable for both detailed kinetic studies and high throughput competition binding studies. Using 4 as a tracer demonstrated that the compound acts fully competitively with selected synthetic agonists but not with lauric acid and allowed for the characterization of binding affinities of a diverse selection of known FFA1 agonists, indicating that 4 will be a valuable tool for future studies at FFA1.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Benzylamines / chemical synthesis
  • Benzylamines / chemistry
  • Benzylamines / metabolism*
  • Benzylamines / pharmacology
  • Binding, Competitive
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Fluorescence*
  • Fluorescent Dyes / chemistry
  • Fluorescent Dyes / metabolism*
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Humans
  • Molecular Structure
  • Oxadiazoles / chemistry
  • Oxadiazoles / metabolism*
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / agonists*
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / metabolism*
  • Structure-Activity Relationship

Substances

  • Benzylamines
  • FFAR1 protein, human
  • Fluorescent Dyes
  • Oxadiazoles
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
  • 4-nitrobenzofurazan
  • benzylamine